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LOADING: INTERMITTENT OR CONTINUOUS Classification excludes: Models in which a rotating panel is attached to the axis with crank arms and/or stabilizer links, which impart an eccentric arc on the path of the panel. The basic design originated with Herman C. Lee in 1942, assigning the patent to Leach Company, but no examples are known to have been built. The first production models arrived in 1957 from Gar Wood, which greatly improved the Lee design with a double-reduction chain drive. A handful of manufacturers marketed similar designs in the 1960s and 1970s. Generally fast loaders with good compaction, they could be dangerous to crewmen, and were limited in their ability to crush bulk refuse items such as furniture and appliances. The modern slide-sweep rear loader would be the death-nell for the design in North America, and the rotary sweep rear loader had mostly ceased production there by 1978. However, the design has lived on in Japan and throughout Asia, where the concept has remained popular, and been steadily modernized over the years. 
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